Mechanics and Mathematical Modeling of Class III Treatment with Orthodontic Appliances with a Movable Ramp

Treatment of class III is a current problem in orthodontics that requires constant improvement of its methods, development of new or modifications of known methods and techniques. We have developed and studied the modification of removable functionally-directing orthodontic appliances for treatment of Class III, which consists of a plastic base, vestibular arc, retaining clasps, ramp, which is connected with the base by means of two torsion springs. Its usage ensures a prolonged contact of ramp with the teeth. We studied two types of club-shaped springs (torsion springs): one spring, which create an amortization effect during the action of the ramp, but do not change its inclination angle and second one – spring that seek to increase the angle of the ramp inclination due to the disclosure of its curl

MECHANICS AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF CLASS III TREATMENT WITH ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES WITH A MOVABLE RAMP

Treatment of class III is a current problem in orthodontics that requires constant improvement of its methods, development of new or modifications of known methods and techniques. We have developed and studied the modification of removable functionally-directing orthodontic appliances for treatment of Class III, which consists of a plastic base, vestibular arc, retaining clasps, ramp, which is connected with the base by means of two torsion springs. Its usage ensures a prolonged contact of ramp with the teeth.We studied two types of club-shaped springs (torsion springs): one spring, which create an amortization effect during the action of the ramp, but do not change its inclination angle and second one – spring that seek to increase the angle of the ramp inclination due to the disclosure of its curl

Real-Time Lane Region Detection Using a Combination of Geometrical and Image Features

Over the past few decades, pavement markings have played a key role in intelligent vehicle applications such as guidance, navigation, and control. However, there are still serious issues facing the problem of lane marking detection. For example, problems include excessive processing time and false detection due to similarities in color and edges between traffic signs (channeling lines, stop lines, crosswalk, arrows, etc.). This paper proposes a strategy to extract the lane marking information taking into consideration its features such as color, edge, and width, as well as the vehicle speed. Firstly, defining the region of interest is a critical task to achieve real-time performance. In this sense, the region of interest is dependent on vehicle speed. Secondly, the lane markings are detected by using a hybrid color-edge feature method along with a probabilistic method, based on distance-color dependence and a hierarchical fitting model. Thirdly, the following lane marking information is extracted: the number of lane markings to both sides of the vehicle, the respective fitting model, and the centroid information of the lane. Using these parameters, the region is computed by using a road geometric model. To evaluate the proposed method, a set of consecutive frames was used in order to validate the performanceOver the past few decades, pavement markings have played a key role in intelligent vehicle applications such as guidance, navigation, and control. However, there are still serious issues facing the problem of lane marking detection. For example, problems include excessive processing time and false detection due to similarities in color and edges between traffic signs (channeling lines, stop lines, crosswalk, arrows, etc.). This paper proposes a strategy to extract the lane marking information taking into consideration its features such as color, edge, and width, as well as the vehicle speed. Firstly, defining the region of interest is a critical task to achieve real-time performance. In this sense, the region of interest is dependent on vehicle speed. Secondly, the lane markings are detected by using a hybrid color-edge feature method along with a probabilistic method, based on distance-color dependence and a hierarchical fitting model. Thirdly, the following lane marking information is extracted: the number of lane markings to both sides of the vehicle, the respective fitting model, and the centroid information of the lane. Using these parameters, the region is computed by using a road geometric model. To evaluate the proposed method, a set of consecutive frames was used in order to validate the performanc

FaSTExt: Fast and Small Text Extractor

Text detection in natural images is a challenging but necessary task for many applications. Existing approaches utilize large deep convolutional neural networks making it difficult to use them in real-world tasks. We propose a small yet relatively precise text extraction method. The basic component of it is a convolutional neural network which works in a fully-convolutional manner and produces results at multiple scales. Each scale output predicts whether a pixel is a part of some word, its geometry, and its relation to neighbors at the same scale and between scales. The key factor of reducing the complexity of the model was the utilization of depthwise separable convolution, linear bottlenecks, and inverted residuals. Experiments on public datasets show that the proposed network can effectively detect text while keeping the number of parameters in the range of 1.58 to 10.59 million in different configurations.Comment: 6 pages, 8th International Workshop on Camera-Based Document Analysis & Recognitio

Investigation of silicon and manganese solubility in cementite of iron-based alloys

У роботі отримано вираз для вільної енергії цементиту та визначена розчинність мангану та силіцію в цементиті Fe3C в залежності від температури. Дослідження проводили на сплавах з вмістом карбону 0,55-0,60 % (мас.), силіцію 0,95-1,0 % (мас.), мангану 0,8-0,9% (мас.), решта – залізо. Виплавку сплавів системи Fe-Mn-Si-C проводили в печі в алундових тиглях в атмосфері аргону. Швидкість охолодження виливки складала 10 К/с. Для визначення структурного стану сплавів використовували мікроструктурний та рентгеноструктурний аналізи. Окрім цього, в роботі були визначені механічні характеристики сплавів, що досліджували в даній роботі, а саме, залежність границі міцності, відносного видовження, відносного звуження, ударної в’язкості та твердості від хімічного складу сплаву. Отримані в даній роботі результати показали, що найкращі мікроструктурні та механічні характеристики має сплав на основі заліза з вмістом карбону 0,57 % (мас.), силіцію 0,97 % (мас.), мангану 0,85 % (мас.). Основною структурною складовою всіх сплавів, які досліджували є перліт (до 95 % об’ємної частки). У сплавах були виявлені дрібнодисперсні включення карбідів Fe2,7Mn0,3C та Fe0,25Mn1,4C0,6 та Fe9SiC0,4, об’ємна частка яких склала до 1,5 %, інше – ферит. Цементит має великий вплив на фізико-механічні характеристики сплавів. За допомогою квазіхімічного методу була визначена вільна енергія цементиту, легованого манганом та силіцієм, а також була отримана залежність граничного вмісту кремнію і марганцю в цементиті в залежності від температури. Встановлено, що має місце підвищений вміст карбону в цементиті (до 28,79% (ат.)). Манган може заміщати до 12% атомів заліза, а силіцій до 4,5% атомів заліза в залежності від температури. Отримані в роботі розрахункові дані добре узгоджуються з експериментальними даними інших авторів. In the paper we obtained the expression of cementite free energy and determined the solubility of manganese and silicon in Fe3C cementite depending on the temperature. Investigation was carried out for alloys with carbon content of 0.55-0.60 % (wt.), silicon content of 0.95-1.0 % (wt.), manganese content of 0.8-0.9% (wt.), the rest was iron. The smelting of Fe-Mn-Si-C system alloys was carried out in the alundum crucible furnace in argon atmosphere. The cooling rate of alloys after casting was 10 K/s. Microstructure analysis along with X-ray diffraction analysis was used to determine the structural state of the alloys. In addition, the physical characteristics of the alloys studied in this paper were determined, such as alloy chemical dependence of ultimate strength, extension and contraction ratio, impact toughness and hardness. The results obtained in this paper showed that the iron-based alloy with the content of carbon of 0.57 % (wt.), silicon of 0.97 % (wt.) and manganese of 0.85 % (wt.)) had the superior microstructure and physical properties. The microstructure of alloys studied in the paper is represented by pearlite, which makes up to 95 % of the volume. In the alloys we revealed the highly dispersed inclusions of Fe2.7Mn0.3C, Fe0.25Mn1.4C0.6 and Fe9SiC0.4 carbides, whose volume ratio was up to 1.5 %, the rest was ferrite. As it is known, the structural constituent of pearlite is cementite. The cementite has a significant effect on the physical properties of alloys. Application of quasi-chemical method enables to calculate the free energy of silicon and manganese doped with cementite and to determine the temperature dependence of silicon and manganese content in cementite. It is ascertained that there is a slight increase of carbon content in cementite (up to 28.79 % (atoms). Manganese can replace up to 12 % of iron atoms, and silicon can replace up to 4.5 % of iron atoms, depending on temperature. The calculated data obtained in this paper are in good agreement with those found experimentally by other authors

Melanocyte differentiation antigen RAB38/NY-MEL-1 induces frequent antibody responses exclusively in melanoma patients

Expression pattern and immunogenicity are critical issues that define tumor antigens as diagnostic markers and potential targets for immunotherapy. The development of SEREX (serological analysis of recombinant expression libraries) has provided substantial progress in the identification of tumor antigens eliciting both cellular and humoral immune responses in cancer patients. By SEREX, we have previously identified RAB38/NY-MEL-1 as a melanocyte differentiation antigen that is highly expressed in normal melanocytes and melanoma tissues but not in other normal tissues or cancer types. In this study, we further demonstrate that RAB38/NY-MEL-1 is strongly immunogenic, leading to spontaneous antibody responses in a significant proportion of melanoma patients. The immune response occurs solely in malignant melanoma patients and was not detected in patients with other diseases, such as vitiligo, affecting melanocytes. Fine analysis of the spontaneous anti-RAB38/NY-MEL-1 antibody response reveals a polyclonal B cell recognition targeting various epitopes, although a dominant immunogenic region was preferentially recognized. Interestingly, our data indicate that this recognition is not rigid in the course of a patient's response, as the dominant epitope changes during the disease evolution. Implications for the understanding of spontaneous humoral immune responses are discusse

Protein CoAlation: a redox-regulated protein modification by coenzyme A in mammalian cells.

Coenzyme A (CoA) is an obligatory cofactor in all branches of life. CoA and its derivatives are involved in major metabolic pathways, allosteric interactions and the regulation of gene expression. Abnormal biosynthesis and homeostasis of CoA and its derivatives have been associated with various human pathologies, including cancer, diabetes and neurodegeneration. Using an anti-CoA monoclonal antibody and mass spectrometry, we identified a wide range of cellular proteins which are modified by covalent attachment of CoA to cysteine thiols (CoAlation). We show that protein CoAlation is a reversible post-translational modification that is induced in mammalian cells and tissues by oxidising agents and metabolic stress. Many key cellular enzymes were found to be CoAlated in vitro and in vivo in ways that modified their activities. Our study reveals that protein CoAlation is a widespread post-translational modification which may play an important role in redox regulation under physiological and pathophysiological conditions

The development of cluster technology of educational programs of culture and art

The use of natural science research methods in the form of cluster analysis in the field of humanities on the example of the education system of culture and art gives an innovative direction to the development of the entire field of culture. The main significance of this development has an applied character, what contributes to the forming of the innovative potential of the territory and the attractiveness of the region. As a result of the proposed research, a method of cluster analysis of the education system of culture and art is developed, an algorithm for implementing the cognitive-hermeneutical methodology of teaching and approving the principles of self-development of students, as well as the realization of the role of globalization processes are proposed. The method of factor analysis in the application for the cultural sphere was tested. Recommendations, key indicators and author’s methods of development of the higher education system of culture and art are formed, taking into account the specifics of music education

Pilot training in our time ‐ use of flight training devices and simulators/Signalų charakteristikų optimizavimas objektų dinaminių bandymų metu

The challenge of pilot training include adapting to an industry in which the environment is formed by steep upturns and downturns, cut‐throat competition, and advanced technology that continues to change the role of the pilot and in which safety always must match the continuously increasing demands of efficiency. The pilot training performed at flight training organisations (FTOs) is the fundament in the education of captains and first officers who will be able to manage the operational “sharp end” of this environment. Santrauka Pateikti laiko konstantos įtakos greitėjimo signalų arba virpesių greičio signalų virtimo poslinkio signalu tyrimo rezultatai. Nustatyti poslinkio signalo amplitudės pasikeitimo dėsningumai po greitėjimo ir greičio signalų pasikeitimo. Parodyta, kad poslinkio signalo amplitudės pasikeitimo klaida priklauso nuo pasikeitimo laiko konstantos nustatytam įeinančio signalo dažniui. Šiuo atveju jo minimali reikšmė atitinka pasikeitimo laiko konstantos reikšmę, kuri yra lygi pusei įeinančio signalo periodo. Pateikti poslinkių matavimo rezultatai, naudojant virpesių greičio daviklius bei jų palyginimo su duomenimis, kurie buvo gauti etaloniniu poslinkių davikliu, rezultatai. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010 Reikšminiai žodžiai: diagnostika, vibracija, signalų spektras, greitėjimo signalas, greičio signalas, pasikeitimo signalas, dinaminis poslinkis